The U.S. has a lower life expectancy compared to other wealthy countries that offer universal health insurance. It stands out as a clear outlier on the "Life Expectancy vs. Health Expenditure per Capita" curve, as illustrated in the image below. While an unhealthy lifestyle do contribute to this outcome, data also indicates that the lack of health insurance among Americans at lower incomes plays a role. Therefore, the issue cannot be attributed solely to lifestyle factors.

Again, opponents often argue that lower life expectancy is primarily driven by lifestyle factors rather than a lack of health insurance. However, the key question is whether the absence of health insurance plays a meaningful role—not whether it is the sole factor.